Introduction to DNA
What is DNA?
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
Structure of DNA
- Double Helix Structure
- Description: DNA has a unique double helix shape, which looks like a twisted ladder.
- Nucleotides
- Description: DNA is made up of smaller units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
- Bases and Pairing
- Description: The nitrogenous bases pair in a specific way: Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T), and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).
Function of DNA
- Genetic Information Storage
- Description: DNA stores all the information necessary for the synthesis of proteins, which are crucial for cellular functions.
- ReplicationDescription: Before a cell divides, its DNA is replicated so that each new cell will have a complete set of genetic information.
